Chandrayaan-3 Mission

     Chandrayaan-3 Mission Soft-landing

Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-on mission to Chandrayaan-2, aiming to demonstrate end-to-end capabilities in safe lunar landing and roving. The mission includes a Lander module (LM), a Propulsion module (PM), and a Rover to advance interplanetary mission technologies. Here are key details and objectives:

Mission Components:

- Lander Module (LM):

  - Lander Payloads:

    - Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) for measuring thermal conductivity and temperature.

    - Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) to measure seismicity near the landing site.

    - Langmuir Probe (LP) to estimate plasma density and variations.

  - Lander special tests include integrated cold and hot tests, as well as testing the landing leg mechanism on lunar simulant.

- Propulsion Module (PM):

  - Carries the LM to a lunar orbit of 100 km and separates from it.

  - Accommodates Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload to study Earth from lunar orbit.

- Rover:

  - Rover Payloads:

    - Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) to analyze elemental composition near the landing site.

Mission Objectives:

1. Safe and Soft Lunar Landing:

  - Demonstrate a safe and soft landing on the lunar surface.

2. Rover Mobility on the Moon:

   - Demonstrate rover mobility and its ability to rove on the lunar surface.

3. In-situ Scientific Experiments:

   - Conduct in-situ scientific experiments on the lunar surface.

Technological Advancements:

- Lander Technologies:

 - Altimeters (Laser & RF-based), velocimeters (Laser Doppler Velocimeter), inertial measurement (Laser Gyro-based), propulsion system (800N Throttleable Liquid Engines, 58N attitude thrusters), navigation, guidance, and control (Powered Descent Trajectory design and associated software elements), hazard detection and avoidance (Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera, Processing Algorithm), and landing leg mechanism.

Testing and Preparation:

- Various specialized tests have been planned and carried out to demonstrate the advanced technologies required for lunar landing and operations.

Mission Launch:

- The mission will be launched using LVM3 M4 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota, aiming for a 100 km circular polar lunar orbit.

Overall, Chandrayaan-3 aims to advance lunar exploration capabilities and demonstrate vital technologies essential for future interplanetary missions.